Afghanistan (Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan) is a sovereign state located in South and Central Asia. It borders with several countries: in the north it has a common border with Tajikistan, in the northwest - with Turkmenistan, in the west - with Iran, in the south - with Pakistan, and in the east - with China. Afghanistan is landlocked.
The capital of Afghanistan is the city of Kabul.
Form of Government: The country is in a state of transitional rule after the Taliban militants seized control of most of the country.
Afghanistan has a varied climate depending on the region, but in general the country's climate is continental, with distinct seasons. Most of Afghanistan has a continental climate with cold winters and hot summers. In winter, temperatures can drop to sub-zero temperatures, and in summer they can rise to very high temperatures. High mountainous regions such as the Hindu Kush and Pamir have a colder climate. These areas may experience snow during the winter and temperatures may be below freezing. Some areas in the south and southwest of the country have a subtropical climate with milder winters and hot summers.
The population is 42,079,578 people (2022).
The official languages of Afghanistan are Pashto (Pashtun) and Dari (Tajik), as well as Arabic. However, the country has many languages and dialects, including Uzbek, Turkmen and many others.
Afghanistan's economy has suffered greatly due to the long war and instability. The basis of the economy is external financial assistance and agriculture, the production of opium poppy, which accounts for a significant part of the income of peasants and drug lords. Up to 90% of drugs entering Europe and Russia are grown here (UN data).
The conflict has led to the destruction of infrastructure and a decline in living standards. The standard of living in Afghanistan is low due to poverty, unemployment and limited access to basic services. Many Afghans face a humanitarian crisis, including poverty, hunger and lack of access to medical care.
Health: Many health facilities were damaged and access to health care became very limited, especially in remote areas. Many medical services are provided by international humanitarian organizations.
The country's educational system also suffered due to the conflict. Schools and universities were closed and many children lost access to education. Many Afghans, especially girls, were excluded from education.
Afghanistan is an extremely unsafe country, where right now there are zones with active hostilities and the presence of various armed groups. Many areas have been considered dangerous for travel and living.
