Eritrea (State of Eritrea) is a country located in northeast Africa on the Red Sea coast. It borders Sudan to the west, Ethiopia to the south and Djibouti to the southeast.
The capital is the city of Asmara.
Eritrea has an authoritarian form of government where the head of state and government is the president. The Popular Front for Democracy and Justice is the only political party in the country. The political situation in Eritrea has long been difficult, and the country has experienced restrictions on civil liberties and human rights.
The climate in Eritrea varies depending on the region of the country: on the Red Sea coast, including the city of Massawa, the climate is hot and arid. Temperatures in summer can rise above 40°C (104°F), while winters remain warm around 24°C (75°F). The central and interior regions of Eritrea have a more temperate climate, with cooler summers and colder winters. It also rains here. Mountainous areas, including the capital Asmara, have a cooler climate and night temperatures can be quite low, especially during the cold season.
The population is about 3,800,000 (2022).
The official languages are Arabic and Tigrinya. Tigrigna is also the most widely spoken language in the country and is used in everyday life and education.
The main economic sectors are agriculture, minerals and fishing. The main crops are sorghum, hybrid corn, barley, wheat, cotton and other products. Residents of the country are also engaged in cattle breeding. Eritrea has the following mineral resources: gold, silver, copper and zinc. But the economy here is of a command type and is controlled by one single ruling party.
The standard of living in Eritrea is low - it is one of the poorest countries in the world.
The level of medical care is below average by world standards. There are problems associated with a lack of medical equipment and medicines.
Education in Eritrea is compulsory, but the education system is also struggling in this area.
Over the past years, this country has been involved in many armed conflicts, which has affected its economic and political well-being.
