Mozambique (Republic of Mozambique) is located in the southeast of the continent of Africa. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east and south and has a rich coastline that stretches for more than 2,470 kilometers. Mozambique borders Eswatini and South Africa, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Malawi and Tanzania. Former colony of Portugal. The form of government is a presidential republic, the head of state is the president. The capital is Maputo.
Climate. In the north of the country the climate is subequatorial, monsoonal, in the south it is tropical, trade wind. But it varies depending on the region. In the north and along the coast, the climate is subequatorial with an average annual temperature of 30-35°C. In the central part, temperatures can rise to 35-40°C in summer. The southern and inland areas experience minimal rainfall and desert conditions. Mozambique is prone to tropical cyclones, especially between December and April, which can cause flooding and other natural disasters.
Number. The population in 2023 was 28,829,476.
Language. In Mozambique, the official languages are Portuguese and Amazigh. Portuguese is the language of education, administration and business communication in the country. It is also widely used in the media and literature. Amazigh and other languages are also widely spoken among the population and are important languages for many ethnic groups. They are used in everyday communication and cultural events.
Mozambique is an agricultural state - more than 80% of the working population is employed in agriculture. Cotton, cashews, sunflowers, tea, sugarcane, coconuts, tapioca, corn, citrus and tropical fruits are grown. The country also has large reserves of natural gas and oil. Coal, petroleum products, natural gas, tobacco, cashews, and citrus fruits are exported. Main buyer India.
Mozambique is one of the poorest countries in the world, and the fight against poverty remains a major social challenge. The country is working to improve the availability and quality of education and healthcare, but access remains a major challenge, especially in remote areas. The literacy rate of the population is approximately 60%, and it ranks first in terms of infection with the immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
