Somalia (Federal Republic of Somalia) is a country located in eastern Africa, on the coast of the Indian Ocean. Somalia is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the north, and Kenya to the south and southwest.
The capital of Somalia is Mogadishu, a large port city located on the shores of the Indian Ocean.
Until 2012, there was a civil war in Somalia. At the moment, the main authority is the federal government, which has adopted a new constitution, under which the country becomes the Federal Republic of Somalia, with regions divided into official federal member states.
Climate. Somalia has a dry and hot climate. This country has quite strong seasonal temperature fluctuations. During the summer period, from April to October, in most parts of the country daytime temperatures can rise above 30°C, and at night they drop to more comfortable levels. In winter, from November to March, temperatures also vary, but they are usually cooler, especially inland where it can get cold at night.
The population is 16,808,021 people (2022).
The official language is Somali. It is used in the official and public spheres of the country. In addition, English and Arabic are also widely used in education, business and communication with the international community.
Somalia's economy is largely based on agriculture, pastoralism and fishing. Agriculture plays an important role in the country's economy, and many Somalis are employed in this sector. Somalia's main exports are livestock, meat and leather. Also an important source of income is remittances (remittances) from Somali citizens working abroad.
The standard of living in Somalia is generally low. The country experiences many economic, social and political difficulties, including long-term conflicts, which have a negative impact on poverty levels and access to basic services.
The level of medical care and education in Somalia is also low. Many regions of the country suffer from a lack of quality medicine and education. This is due to both a lack of funding and the negative impacts of long-term conflicts.
The country has a difficult security situation. There are still conflicts in some regions, armed groups are present, and there is also piracy in the coastal waters of the Indian Ocean.
