Syria (Syrian Arab Republic) is a sovereign state located in the Middle East in Western Asia. It is located on the Mediterranean coast and borders Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, and Jordan and Israel to the south.
The capital of Syria is the city of Damascus, which is also the largest city in the country.
Syria is a republic where power officially belongs to the people. However, it should be noted that with the outbreak of the Syrian civil war in 2011, the political situation in the country has become complex and volatile, with power in some territories controlled by different parties to the conflict.
The climate can be described as Mediterranean on the coast and continental inland. The Syrian coast, including the cities of Latakia and Tartus, has a Mediterranean climate with mild winters and hot summers. There is more rainfall here than in the interior of the country. Interior areas of Syria such as Damascus and Aleppo have a continental climate with hotter summers and cooler winters. There is less rainfall here and the climate is more contrasting.
The population is approximately 16,139,840 (2022), almost 5,000,000 less than before the outbreak of the civil war in 2011. Many people have immigrated from the country and this process continues.
The official language is Arabic.
The state of the economy and public institutions in the country suffered greatly due to the civil war. Industry, agriculture and infrastructure were severely destroyed, leading to a decline in production and rising unemployment. The economic situation remains difficult.
The health system has also been seriously damaged by the conflict. Medical infrastructure was damaged and access to medical care became limited. This created serious problems for the population.
The educational system is in poor condition due to the war. Schools and universities were closed and the educational process was disrupted. Many children were forced to interrupt their education.
The security situation in Syria is complex. Conflict in the country has resulted in high-risk areas and the population is exposed to threats of violence.
